Fertility & Infertility Explained: Causes, Tests, IVF, IUI & Treatment Options

Fertility and infertility are topics that affect millions of people, yet they are still surrounded by stigma, silence and misinformation.

In this episode of Medical Mondays, we take an in-depth look at infertility, fertility investigations and treatment options, with a particular focus on the South African context.

We discuss when couples should seek medical help, common causes of infertility, male-factor infertility, PCOS, endometriosis, fibroids, blocked fallopian tubes, STI-related infertility, age and fertility, as well as what couples can expect during a fertility assessment.

We also break down the different infertility treatment options, including ovulation induction, IUI (intrauterine insemination) and IVF (in vitro fertilisation), what the IVF process involves, and what couples should realistically understand about IVF success rates.

Importantly, we explore the cost and accessibility of fertility treatment in South Africa, including public-sector fertility services, waiting lists and options for couples who may not be able to afford private IVF.

Beyond the medical side, we discuss the often-overlooked emotional and psychological impact of infertility, including relationship strain, social pressure, stigma and the harmful myths that couples are often told during their fertility journey.

In This Episode:

  • What is infertility and when should you seek help?
  • When should you seek fertility testing earlier than 12 months?
  • Male-factor infertility and why both partners should be investigated
  • Common causes of infertility in women
  • PCOS, endometriosis, fibroids and blocked fallopian tubes
  • STI-related tubal damage and infertility
  • How age affects female fertility
  • What happens during a fertility assessment?
  • Understanding semen analysis
  • Ovulation induction, IUI and IVF explained
  • What to expect during the IVF process
  • IVF success rates and realistic expectations
  • The cost of fertility treatment in South Africa
  • Public-sector fertility services and access challenges
  • The emotional impact of infertility
  • Common infertility myths and misconceptions
  • Advice for couples experiencing infertility

Our Guests

Dr Naqita Alexander — Founder & Public Health Expert, UCN
Dr Maahirah Khan — Emergency Medicine Physician, UCN
Dr Haaajer Kader — Child Health Physician, UCN
Dr Ilmondo Allies — Women’s Health Physician

Whether you’re just beginning your fertility journey, have been trying to conceive for some time, or simply want to better understand infertility, this conversation aims to provide clear, evidence-informed information and practical guidance.

⚠️ Disclaimer: This programme is for general educational and informational purposes and should not replace personalised medical advice from a qualified healthcare professional.